docs(nix/buildLisp): document recent changes to buildLisp
Doing this in a separate CL to avoid having to track the intermediate changes no one will ever see in documentation as well which would be unnecessary effort. * Multi-implementation support introduced in cl/3292 and refined in cl/3368 in terms of the user interface. * Implementation specific srcs and deps introduced in cl/3321 * Implementation passthru attrs and rename from .sbcl -> .repl was done in cl/3359 * ECL added in cl/3297, CCL in cl/3350 Change-Id: Ia13f2aea4e7e091c00991fcbfc601de364413979 Reviewed-on: https://cl.tvl.fyi/c/depot/+/3380 Tested-by: BuildkiteCI Reviewed-by: tazjin <mail@tazj.in>
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@ -6,18 +6,20 @@ This is a build system for Common Lisp, written in Nix.
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It aims to offer an alternative to ASDF for users who live in a
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Nix-based ecosystem. This offers several advantages over ASDF:
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* Simpler (logic-less) package definitions
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* Simpler (almost logic-less) package definitions
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* Easy linking of native dependencies (from Nix)
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* Composability with Nix tooling for other languages
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* Effective, per-system caching strategies
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* Easy overriding of dependencies and whatnot
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* Convenient support for multiple Common Lisp implementations
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* ... and more!
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The project is still in its early stages and some important
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restrictions should be highlighted:
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* Only SBCL is supported (though the plan is to add support for at
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least ABCL and Clozure CL, and maybe make it extensible)
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* Extending `buildLisp` with support for a custom implementation
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currently requires some knowledge of internals and may not be
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considered stable yet.
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* Parallel compilation is not possible: Since buildLisp doesn't encode
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dependencies between components (i. e. source files) like ASDF,
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it must compile source files in sequence to avoid errors due to
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@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ restrictions should be highlighted:
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| `deps` | `list<drv>` | List of dependencies | no |
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| `native` | `list<drv>` | List of native dependencies | no |
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| `test` | see "Tests" | Specification for test suite | no |
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| `implementation` | see "Implementations" | Common Lisp implementation to use | no |
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The output of invoking this is a directory containing a FASL file
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that is the concatenated result of all compiled sources.
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@ -50,6 +53,7 @@ restrictions should be highlighted:
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| `native` | `list<drv>` | List of native dependencies | no |
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| `main` | `string` | Entrypoint function | no |
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| `test` | see "Tests" | Specification for test suite | no |
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| `implementation` | see "Implementations" | Common Lisp implementation to use | no |
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The `main` parameter should be the name of a function and defaults
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to `${name}:main` (i.e. the *exported* `main` function of the
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@ -68,13 +72,6 @@ restrictions should be highlighted:
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built-in library and returns a "package" that simply requires this
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library.
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* `buildLisp.sbclWith`: Creates an SBCL pre-loaded with various dependencies.
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This function takes a single argument which is a list of Lisp
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libraries programs or programs. It creates an SBCL that is
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pre-loaded with all of that Lisp code and can be used as the host
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for e.g. Sly or SLIME.
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## Tests
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Both `buildLisp.library` and `buildLisp.program` take an optional argument
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@ -91,6 +88,113 @@ the `expression` parameter should be a Lisp expression and will be evaluated
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after loading all sources and dependencies (including library/program
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dependencies). It must return a non-`NIL` value if the test suite has passed.
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## Development REPLs
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`buildLisp` builds loadable variants of both `program` and `library` derivations
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(usually FASL files). Therefore it can provide a convenient way to obtain an
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instance of any implementation preloaded with `buildLisp`-derivations. This
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is especially useful to use as a host for Sly or SLIME.
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* `buildLisp.sbcl.lispWith`, `buildLisp.ccl.lispWith`, ...:
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Creates a wrapper script preloading a Lisp implementation with various dependencies.
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This function takes a single argument which is a list of Lisp
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libraries programs or programs. The desired Lisp implementation
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will load all given derivations and all their dependencies on
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startup.
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The shortcut `buildLisp.sbclWith` for `buildLisp.sbcl.lispWith` is also provided.
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* `repl` passthru attribute: `derivation.repl` is provided as a shortcut
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for `buildLisp.${implementationName}.lispWith [ derivation ]`.
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`derivation.ccl.repl`, `derivation.sbcl.repl` etc. work as well, of course
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(see also "Implementations" section).
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## Implementations
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Both `buildLisp.library` and `buildLisp.program` allow specifying a different
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Common Lisp implementation than the default one (which is SBCL). When an
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implementation is passed, `buildLisp` makes sure all dependencies are built
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with that implementation as well since build artifacts from different
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implementation will be incompatible with each other.
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The argument taken by `implementation` is a special attribute set which
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describes how to do certain tasks for a given implementation, like building
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or loading a library. In case you want to use a custom implementation
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description, the precise structure needed is documented in `buildLisp`'s
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source code for now. `buildLisp` also exposes the following already
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working implementation sets:
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* `buildLisp.sbcl`: [SBCL][sbcl], our default implementation
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* `buildLisp.ccl`: [CCL][ccl], similar to SBCL, but with very good macOS support
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* `buildLisp.ecl`: [ECL][ecl] setup to produce statically linked binaries and
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libraries. Note that its runtime library is LGPL, so [extra conditions][lgpl-static]
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must be fulfilled when distributing binaries produced this way.
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* Support for ABCL is planned.
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For every of these “known” implementations, `buildLisp` will create a `passthru`
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attribute named like the implementation which points to a variant of the derivation
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built with said implementation. Say we have a derivation, `myDrv`, built using SBCL:
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While `myDrv` and `myDrv.sbcl` are built using SBCL, `myDrv.ecl`, `myDrv.ccl` etc.
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build the derivation and all its dependencies using ECL and CCL respectively.
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This is useful to test portability of your derivation, but is also used internally
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to speed up the “normalization” of the dependency graph. Thus it is important to
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make sure that your custom implementation's name doesn't clash with one of the
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“known” ones.
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## Handling Implementation Specifics
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When targeting multiple Common Lisp implementation, it is often necessary to
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handle differing interfaces for OS interaction or to make use of special
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implementation features. For this reason, `buildLisp` allows specifying
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dependencies and source files for specific implementations only. This can
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be utilized by having an attribute set in the list for the `deps` or `srcs`
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argument: `buildLisp` will pick the value of the attribute named like the
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used implementation or `default` and ignore the set completely if both
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are missing.
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```nix
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{ buildLisp, lispPkgs }:
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buildLisp.library {
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name = "mylib";
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srcs = [
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# These are included always of course
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./package.lisp
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./portable-lib.lisp
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# Choose right impl-* file
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{
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sbcl = ./impl-sbcl.lisp;
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ccl = ./impl-ccl.lisp;
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ecl = ./impl-ecl.lisp;
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}
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# We can also use this to inject extra files
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{ ecl = ./extra-ecl-optimizations.lisp; }
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];
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deps = [
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# Use SBCL's special bundled package, flexi-streams otherwise
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{
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sbcl = buildLisp.bundled "sb-rotate-byte";
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default = lispPkgs.flexi-streams;
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}
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];
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}
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```
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Additionally a `brokenOn` parameter is accepted which takes a list of
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implementation names on which the derivation is not expected to work.
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This only influences `meta.targets` which is read by depot's CI to
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check which variants (see "Implementations") of the derivation to
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build, so it may not be useful outside of depot.
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## Example
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Using buildLisp could look like this:
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@ -119,3 +223,8 @@ in buildLisp.program {
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};
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}
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```
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[sbcl]: http://www.sbcl.org/
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[ccl]: https://ccl.clozure.com/
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[ecl]: https://common-lisp.net/project/ecl/
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[lgpl-static]: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.en.html#LGPLStaticVsDynamic
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