refactor(tvix): move castore into tvix-castore crate

This splits the pure content-addressed layers from tvix-store into a
`castore` crate, and only leaves PathInfo related things, as well as the
CLI entrypoint in the tvix-store crate.

Notable changes:
 - `fixtures` and `utils` had to be moved out of the `test` cfg, so they
   can be imported from tvix-store.
 - Some ad-hoc fixtures in the test were moved to proper fixtures in the
   same step.
 - The protos are now created by a (more static) recipe in the protos/
   directory.

The (now two) golang targets are commented out, as it's not possible to
update them properly in the same CL. This will be done by a followup CL
once this is merged (and whitby deployed)

Bug: https://b.tvl.fyi/issues/301

Change-Id: I8d675d4bf1fb697eb7d479747c1b1e3635718107
Reviewed-on: https://cl.tvl.fyi/c/depot/+/9370
Reviewed-by: tazjin <tazjin@tvl.su>
Reviewed-by: flokli <flokli@flokli.de>
Autosubmit: flokli <flokli@flokli.de>
Tested-by: BuildkiteCI
Reviewed-by: Connor Brewster <cbrewster@hey.com>

tvix/castore/protos/rpc_blobstore.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// Copyright © 2022 The Tvix Authors
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package tvix.castore.v1;
+
+option go_package = "code.tvl.fyi/tvix/castore/protos;castorev1";
+
+service BlobService {
+    // In the future, Stat will expose more metadata about a given blob,
+    // such as more granular chunking, baos.
+    // For now, it's only used to check for the existence of a blob, as asking
+    // this for a non-existing Blob will return a Status::not_found gRPC error.
+    rpc Stat(StatBlobRequest) returns (BlobMeta);
+
+    // Read returns a stream of BlobChunk, which is just a stream of bytes with
+    // the digest specified in ReadBlobRequest.
+    //
+    // The server may decide on whatever chunking it may seem fit as a size for
+    // the individual BlobChunk sent in the response stream.
+    rpc Read(ReadBlobRequest) returns (stream BlobChunk);
+
+    // Put uploads a Blob, by reading a stream of bytes.
+    //
+    // The way the data is chunked up in individual BlobChunk messages sent in
+    // the stream has no effect on how the server ends up chunking blobs up.
+    rpc Put(stream BlobChunk) returns (PutBlobResponse);
+}
+
+message StatBlobRequest {
+    // The blake3 digest of the blob requested
+    bytes digest = 1;
+}
+
+message BlobMeta {
+}
+
+message ReadBlobRequest {
+    // The blake3 digest of the blob or chunk requested
+    bytes digest = 1;
+}
+
+// This represents some bytes of a blob.
+// Blobs are sent in smaller chunks to keep message sizes manageable.
+message BlobChunk {
+    bytes data = 1;
+}
+
+message PutBlobResponse {
+    // The blake3 digest of the data that was sent.
+    bytes digest = 1;
+}