Solve InterviewCake's graph-coloring problem

Write a function that colors the nodes of a graph such that no two neighbors
share a color.

scratch/deepmind/part_two/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "downlevelIteration": true,
+    "target": "es5",
+    "lib": ["es6", "dom"]
+  }
+}