* Documented indented string literals.
* Release notes.
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Eelco Dolstra
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3 changed files with 193 additions and 43 deletions
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@ -8,20 +8,31 @@
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<!--==================================================================-->
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<section xml:id="ssec-relnotes-0.11"><title>Release 0.11 (TBA)</title>
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<section xml:id="ssec-relnotes-0.11"><title>Release 0.11 (December 31,
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2007)</title>
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<para>The most important improvement in Nix 0.11 is secure multi-user
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support. It also features many usability improvements and language
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extensions, many of them to support NixOS. Here is an (incomplete)
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list:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>TODO: multi-user support. The old setuid method for
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sharing a store between multiple users has been
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removed.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Secure multi-user support. A single Nix store can
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now be shared between multiple (possible untrusted) users. This is
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an important feature for NixOS, where it allows non-root users to
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install software. The old setuid method for sharing a store between
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multiple users has been removed. Details for setting up a
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multi-user store can be found in the manual.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The new command <command>nix-copy-closure</command>
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gives you an easy and efficient way to exchange software between
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machines. It copies the missing parts of the closure of a set of
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store path to or from a remote machine.</para></listitem>
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store path to or from a remote machine via
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<command>ssh</command>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-prefetch-url</command> now by default
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@ -47,15 +58,21 @@
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for booting Linux don’t have any dependencies.</para></listitem>
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<!--
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<listitem><para>TODO: semantic cleanups of string concatenation
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etc. (mostly in r6740).</para></listitem>
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-->
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<listitem><para>TODO: now using Berkeley DB 4.5.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Nix now uses Berkeley DB 4.5. The database is
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upgraded automatically, but you should be careful not to use old
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versions of Nix that still use Berkeley DB 4.4.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: option <option>--reregister</option> in
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<command>nix-store --register-validity</command>.</para></listitem>
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<!-- foo
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<listitem><para>TODO: option <option>- -reregister</option> in
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<command>nix-store - -register-validity</command>.</para></listitem>
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-->
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<listitem><para>The new attribute
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@ -65,61 +82,118 @@
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populated with the closure of certain paths.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: option <option>--max-silent-time</option>,
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configuration setting
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<literal>build-max-silent-time</literal>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The option <option>--max-silent-time</option>
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(corresponding to the configuration setting
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<literal>build-max-silent-time</literal>) allows you to set a
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timeout on builds — if a build produces no output on
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<literal>stdout</literal> or <literal>stderr</literal> for the given
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number of seconds, it is terminated. This is useful for recovering
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automatically from builds that are stuck in an infinite
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loop.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <command>nix-env</command>
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<option>--set</option>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env</command> <option>--set</option>
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modifies the current generation of a profile so that it contains
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exactly the specified derivation, and nothing else. For example,
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<literal>nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/browser --set
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firefox</literal> lets the profile named
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<filename>browser</filename> contain just Firefox.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <option>--argstr</option>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The new <option>--argstr</option> (in
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<command>nix-env</command>, <command>nix-instantiate</command> and
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<command>nix-build</command>) is like <option>--arg</option>, except
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that the value is a string. For example, <literal>--argstr system
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i686-linux</literal> is equivalent to <literal>--arg system
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\"i686-linux\"'</literal> (note that <option>--argstr</option>
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prevents annoying quoting around shell arguments).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <command>nix-env</command> now maintains meta
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info about installed packages in user environments. <option>-q
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--xml --meta</option> to show all meta info.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env</command> now maintains
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meta-information about installed packages in profiles. The
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meta-information is the contents of the <varname>meta</varname>
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attribute of derivations, such as <varname>description</varname> or
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<varname>homepage</varname>. The command <literal>nix-env -q --xml
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--meta</literal> shows all meta-information.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <command>nix-env</command>
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<option>--set-flag</option>. Specific flags:
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<literal>active</literal>, <literal>priority</literal>,
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<literal>keep</literal>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env</command> now uses the
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<varname>meta.priority</varname> attribute of derivations to resolve
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filename collisions between packages. Lower priority values denote
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a higher priority. For instance, the GCC wrapper package and the
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Binutils package in Nixpkgs both have a file
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<filename>bin/ld</filename>, so previously if you tried to install
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both you would get a collision. Now, on the other hand, the GCC
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wrapper declares a higher priority than Binutils, so the former’s
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<filename>bin/ld</filename> is symlinked in the user
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environment.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env --set-flag</command> allows
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meta attributes of installed packages to be modified. There are
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several attributes that can be usefully modified, because they
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affect <command>nix-env</command> behaviour or the user environment
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build script:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><varname>meta.priority</varname> can be changed
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to resolve filename clashes (see above).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><varname>meta.keep</varname> can be set to
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<literal>true</literal> to prevent the package from being
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upgraded or replaced. Useful if you want to hang on to an older
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version of a package. (This is similar to masking in
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Gentoo.)</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><varname>meta.active</varname> can be set to
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<literal>false</literal> to “disable” the package. That is, no
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symlinks will be generated to the files of the package, but it
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remains part of the profile (so it won’t be garbage-collected).
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Set it back to <literal>true</literal> to re-enable the
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package.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <command>nix-env</command> <option>-i</option>
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/ <option>-u</option> take package priorities into
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account.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-env -q</command> now has a flag
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<option>--prebuilt-only</option> (<option>-b</option>) that causes
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<command>nix-env</command> to show only those derivations whose
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output is already in the Nix store or that can be substituted (i.e.,
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downloaded from somewhere). In other words, it shows the packages
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that can be installed “quickly”, i.e., don’t need to be built from
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source. TODO: flag is also available in nix-env -i /
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-u.</para></listitem>
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source. The <option>-b</option> flag is also available in
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<command>nix-env -i</command> and <command>nix-env -u</command> to
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filter out derivations for which no pre-built binary is
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available.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: new built-ins
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<listitem><para>Several new built-in functions:
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<function>builtins.attrNames</function>,
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<function>builtins.filterSource</function>,
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<function>builtins.sub</function>,
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<function>builtins.isAttrs</function>,
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<function>builtins.isFunction</function>,
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<function>builtins.listToAttrs</function>,
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<function>builtins.stringLength</function>,
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<function>builtins.substring</function>.</para></listitem>
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<function>builtins.sub</function>,
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<function>builtins.substring</function>,
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<function>throw</function>,
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<function>builtins.trace</function>,
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<function>builtins.readFile</function>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: each subscribed channel is its own attribute
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in the top-level expression generated for the channel, this allows
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disambiguation (<command>nix-env -qaA</command>).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-channel</command>: each subscribed
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channel is its own attribute in the top-level expression generated
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for the channel. This allows disambiguation (e.g. <literal>nix-env
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-i -A nixpkgs_unstable.firefox</literal>).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The substitutes table has been removed from the
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database. This makes operations such as <command>nix-pull</command>
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and <command>nix-channel --update</command>
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<emphasis>much</emphasis> faster.</para></listitem>
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and <command>nix-channel --update</command> much, much
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faster.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command>nix-prefetch-url</command> now has a
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@ -128,11 +202,19 @@
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the channel hasn’t changed.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: chroot support.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Nix can now perform builds in an automatically
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generated “chroot”. This prevents a builder from accessing stuff
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outside of the Nix store, and thus helps ensure purity. This is an
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experimental feature.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>TODO: <literal>''</literal>-style string
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literals.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>A new kind of string literal: strings between double
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single-quotes (<literal>''</literal>) have indentation
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“intelligently” removed. This allows large strings (such as shell
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scripts or configuration file fragments in NixOS) to cleanly follow
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the indentation of the surrounding expression. It also requires
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much less escaping, since <literal>''</literal> is less common in
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most languages than <literal>"</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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