677 lines
22 KiB
XML
677 lines
22 KiB
XML
<refentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>nix-store</refname>
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<refpurpose>manipulate or query the Nix store</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>nix-store</command>
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<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="opt-common-syn.xml#xpointer(/nop/*)" />
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<arg><option>--add-root</option> <replaceable>path</replaceable></arg>
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<arg><option>--indirect</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><replaceable>operation</replaceable></arg>
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<arg rep='repeat'><replaceable>options</replaceable></arg>
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<arg rep='repeat'><replaceable>arguments</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsection><title>Description</title>
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<para>The command <command>nix-store</command> performs primitive
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operations on the Nix store. You generally do not need to run this
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command manually.</para>
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<para><command>nix-store</command> takes exactly one
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<emphasis>operation</emphasis> flag which indicates the subcommand to
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be performed. These are documented below.</para>
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</refsection>
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<!--######################################################################-->
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<refsection><title>Common options</title>
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<para>This section lists the options that are common to all
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operations. These options are allowed for every subcommand, though
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they may not always have an effect. See also <xref
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linkend="sec-common-options" /> for a list of common options.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry xml:id="opt-add-root"><term><option>--add-root</option> <replaceable>path</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>Causes the result of a realisation
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(<option>--realise</option> and <option>--force-realise</option>)
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to be registered as a root of the garbage collector (see <xref
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linkend="ssec-gc-roots" />). The root is stored in
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<replaceable>path</replaceable>, which must be inside a directory
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that is scanned for roots by the garbage collector (i.e.,
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typically in a subdirectory of
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<filename>/nix/var/nix/gcroots/</filename>)
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<emphasis>unless</emphasis> the <option>--indirect</option> flag
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is used.</para>
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<para>If there are multiple results, then multiple symlinks will
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be created by sequentially numbering symlinks beyond the first one
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(e.g., <filename>foo</filename>, <filename>foo-2</filename>,
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<filename>foo-3</filename>, and so on).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--indirect</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>In conjunction with <option>--add-root</option>, this option
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allows roots to be stored <emphasis>outside</emphasis> of the GC
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roots directory. This is useful for commands such as
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<command>nix-build</command> that place a symlink to the build
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result in the current directory; such a build result should not be
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garbage-collected unless the symlink is removed.</para>
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<para>The <option>--indirect</option> flag causes a uniquely named
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symlink to <replaceable>path</replaceable> to be stored in
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<filename>/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/</filename>. For instance,
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<screen>
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$ nix-store --add-root /home/eelco/bla/result --indirect -r <replaceable>...</replaceable>
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$ ls -l /nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 ... 2005-03-13 21:10 dn54lcypm8f8... -> /home/eelco/bla/result
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$ ls -l /home/eelco/bla/result
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 ... 2005-03-13 21:10 /home/eelco/bla/result -> /nix/store/1r11343n6qd4...-f-spot-0.0.10</screen>
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Thus, when <filename>/home/eelco/bla/result</filename> is removed,
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the GC root in the <filename>auto</filename> directory becomes a
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dangling symlink and will be ignored by the collector.</para>
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<warning><para>Note that it is not possible to move or rename
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indirect GC roots, since the symlink in the
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<filename>auto</filename> directory will still point to the old
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location.</para></warning>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsection>
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<!--######################################################################-->
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<refsection xml:id='rsec-nix-store-realise'><title>Operation
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<option>--realise</option></title>
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<refsection><title>Synopsis</title>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>nix-store</command>
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<group choice='req'>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--realise</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>-r</option></arg>
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</group>
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<arg choice='plain' rep='repeat'><replaceable>paths</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Description</title>
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<para>The operation <option>--realise</option> essentially “builds”
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the specified store paths. Realisation is a somewhat overloaded term:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>If the store path is a
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<emphasis>derivation</emphasis>, realisation ensures that the output
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paths of the derivation are <link
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linkend="gloss-validity">valid</link> (i.e., the output path and its
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closure exist in the file system). This can be done in several
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ways. First, it is possible that the outputs are already valid, in
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which case we are done immediately. Otherwise, there may be <link
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linkend="gloss-substitute">substitutes</link> that produce the
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outputs (e.g., by downloading them). Finally, the outputs can be
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produced by performing the build action described by the
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derivation.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>If the store path is not a derivation, realisation
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ensures that the specified path is valid (i.e., it and its closure
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exist in the file system). If the path is already valid, we are
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done immediately. Otherwise, the path and any missing paths in its
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closure may be produced through substitutes. If there are no
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(succesful) subsitutes, realisation fails.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<para>The output path of each derivation is printed on standard
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output. (For non-derivations argument, the argument itself is
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printed.)</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Examples</title>
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<para>This operation is typically used to build store derivations
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produced by <link
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linkend="sec-nix-instantiate"><command>nix-instantiate</command></link>:
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<screen>
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$ nix-store -r $(nix-instantiate ./test.nix)
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/nix/store/31axcgrlbfsxzmfff1gyj1bf62hvkby2-aterm-2.3.1</screen>
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This is essentially what <link
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linkend="sec-nix-build"><command>nix-build</command></link> does.</para>
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</refsection>
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</refsection>
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<!--######################################################################-->
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<refsection xml:id='rsec-nix-store-gc'><title>Operation <option>--gc</option></title>
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<refsection><title>Synopsis</title>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>nix-store</command>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--gc</option></arg>
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<group>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--print-roots</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--print-live</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--print-dead</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--delete</option></arg>
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</group>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Description</title>
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<para>Without additional flags, the operation <option>--gc</option>
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performs a garbage collection on the Nix store. That is, all paths in
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the Nix store not reachable via file system references from a set of
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“roots”, are deleted.</para>
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<para>The following suboperations may be specified:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--print-roots</option></term>
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<listitem><para>This operation prints on standard output the set
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of roots used by the garbage collector. What constitutes a root
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is described in <xref linkend="ssec-gc-roots"
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/>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--print-live</option></term>
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<listitem><para>This operation prints on standard output the set
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of “live” store paths, which are all the store paths reachable
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from the roots. Live paths should never be deleted, since that
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would break consistency — it would become possible that
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applications are installed that reference things that are no
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longer present in the store.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--print-dead</option></term>
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<listitem><para>This operation prints out on standard output the
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set of “dead” store paths, which is just the opposite of the set
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of live paths: any path in the store that is not live (with
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respect to the roots) is dead.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--delete</option></term>
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<listitem><para>This operation performs an actual garbage
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collection. All dead paths are removed from the
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store. This is the default.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>The behaviour of the collector is influenced by the <link
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linkend="conf-gc-keep-outputs"><literal>gc-keep-outputs</literal></link>
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and <link
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linkend="conf-gc-keep-derivations"><literal>gc-keep-derivations</literal></link>
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variables in the Nix configuration file.</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Examples</title>
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<para>To delete all unreachable paths, just do:
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<screen>
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$ nix-store --gc</screen>
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</para>
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</refsection>
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</refsection>
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<!--######################################################################-->
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<refsection><title>Operation <option>--query</option></title>
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<refsection><title>Synopsis</title>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>nix-store</command>
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<group choice='req'>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--query</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>-q</option></arg>
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</group>
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<group choice='req'>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--outputs</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--requisites</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>-R</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--references</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--referrers</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--referrers-closure</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--deriver</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--deriver</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--graph</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--tree</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--binding</option> <replaceable>name</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice='plain'><option>--hash</option></arg>
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</group>
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<arg><option>--use-output</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-u</option></arg>
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<arg><option>--force-realise</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-f</option></arg>
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<arg choice='plain' rep='repeat'><replaceable>paths</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Description</title>
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<para>The operation <option>--query</option> displays various bits of
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information about the store paths . The queries are described below. At
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most one query can be specified. The default query is
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<option>--outputs</option>.</para>
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<para>The paths <replaceable>paths</replaceable> may also be symlinks
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from outside of the Nix store, to the Nix store. In that case, the
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query is applied to the target of the symlink.</para>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Common query options</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--use-output</option></term>
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<term><option>-u</option></term>
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<listitem><para>For each argument to the query that is a store
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derivation, apply the query to the output path of the derivation
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instead.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--force-realise</option></term>
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<term><option>-f</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Realise each argument to the query first (see
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<link linkend="rsec-nix-store-realise"><command>nix-store
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--realise</command></link>).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsection>
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<refsection xml:id='nixref-queries'><title>Queries</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--outputs</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints out the <link
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linkend="gloss-output-path">output paths</link> of the store
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derivations <replaceable>paths</replaceable>. These are the paths
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that will be produced when the derivation is
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built.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--requisites</option></term>
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<term><option>-R</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints out the <link
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linkend="gloss-closure">closure</link> of the store path
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable>.</para>
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<para>This query has one option:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--include-outputs</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Also include the output path of store
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derivations, and their closures.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>This query can be used to implement various kinds of
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deployment. A <emphasis>source deployment</emphasis> is obtained
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by distributing the closure of a store derivation. A
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<emphasis>binary deployment</emphasis> is obtained by distributing
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the closure of an output path. A <emphasis>cache
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deployment</emphasis> (combined source/binary deployment,
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including binaries of build-time-only dependencies) is obtained by
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distributing the closure of a store derivation and specifying the
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option <option>--include-outputs</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--references</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the set of <link
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linkend="gloss-reference">references</link> of the store paths
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable>, that is, their immediate
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dependencies. (For <emphasis>all</emphasis> dependencies, use
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<option>--requisites</option>.)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--referrers</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the set of <emphasis>referrers</emphasis> of
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the store paths <replaceable>paths</replaceable>, that is, the
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store paths currently existing in the Nix store that refer to one
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of <replaceable>paths</replaceable>. Note that contrary to the
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references, the set of referrers is not constant; it can change as
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store paths are added or removed.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--referrers-closure</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the closure of the set of store paths
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable> under the referrers relation; that
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is, all store paths that directly or indirectly refer to one of
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable>. These are all the path currently
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in the Nix store that are dependent on
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--deriver</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the <link
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linkend="gloss-deriver">deriver</link> of the store paths
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable>. If the path has no deriver
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(e.g., if it is a source file), or if the deriver is not known
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(e.g., in the case of a binary-only deployment), the string
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<literal>unknown-deriver</literal> is printed.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--graph</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the references graph of the store paths
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable> in the format of the
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<command>dot</command> tool of AT&T's <link
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xlink:href="http://www.graphviz.org/">Graphviz package</link>.
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This can be used to visualise dependency graphs. To obtain a
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build-time dependency graph, apply this to a store derivation. To
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obtain a runtime dependency graph, apply it to an output
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path.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--tree</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the references graph of the store paths
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<replaceable>paths</replaceable> as a nested ASCII tree.
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References are ordered by descending closure size; this tends to
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flatten the tree, making it more readable. The query only
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recurses into a store path when it is first encountered; this
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prevents a blowup of the tree representation of the
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graph.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--binding</option> <replaceable>name</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the value of the attribute
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<replaceable>name</replaceable> (i.e., environment variable) of
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the store derivations <replaceable>paths</replaceable>. It is an
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error for a derivation to not have the specified
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attribute.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term><option>--hash</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints the SHA-256 hash of the contents of the
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store path <replaceable>paths</replaceable>. Since the hash is
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stored in the Nix database, this is a fast
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operation.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsection>
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<refsection><title>Examples</title>
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<para>Print the closure (runtime dependencies) of the
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<command>svn</command> program in the current user environment:
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<screen>
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$ nix-store -qR $(which svn)
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/nix/store/5mbglq5ldqld8sj57273aljwkfvj22mc-subversion-1.1.4
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/nix/store/9lz9yc6zgmc0vlqmn2ipcpkjlmbi51vv-glibc-2.3.4
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<replaceable>...</replaceable></screen>
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</para>
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|
<para>Print the build-time dependencies of <command>svn</command>:
|
|
|
|
<screen>
|
|
$ nix-store -qR $(nix-store -qd $(which svn))
|
|
/nix/store/02iizgn86m42q905rddvg4ja975bk2i4-grep-2.5.1.tar.bz2.drv
|
|
/nix/store/07a2bzxmzwz5hp58nf03pahrv2ygwgs3-gcc-wrapper.sh
|
|
/nix/store/0ma7c9wsbaxahwwl04gbw3fcd806ski4-glibc-2.3.4.drv
|
|
<replaceable>... lots of other paths ...</replaceable></screen>
|
|
|
|
The difference with the previous example is that we ask the closure of
|
|
the derivation (<option>-qd</option>), not the closure of the output
|
|
path that contains <command>svn</command>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Show the build-time dependencies as a tree:
|
|
|
|
<screen>
|
|
$ nix-store -q --tree $(nix-store -qd $(which svn))
|
|
/nix/store/7i5082kfb6yjbqdbiwdhhza0am2xvh6c-subversion-1.1.4.drv
|
|
+---/nix/store/d8afh10z72n8l1cr5w42366abiblgn54-builder.sh
|
|
+---/nix/store/fmzxmpjx2lh849ph0l36snfj9zdibw67-bash-3.0.drv
|
|
| +---/nix/store/570hmhmx3v57605cqg9yfvvyh0nnb8k8-bash
|
|
| +---/nix/store/p3srsbd8dx44v2pg6nbnszab5mcwx03v-builder.sh
|
|
<replaceable>...</replaceable></screen>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Show all paths that depend on the same OpenSSL library as
|
|
<command>svn</command>:
|
|
|
|
<screen>
|
|
$ nix-store -q --referrers $(nix-store -q --binding openssl $(nix-store -qd $(which svn)))
|
|
/nix/store/23ny9l9wixx21632y2wi4p585qhva1q8-sylpheed-1.0.0
|
|
/nix/store/5mbglq5ldqld8sj57273aljwkfvj22mc-subversion-1.1.4
|
|
/nix/store/dpmvp969yhdqs7lm2r1a3gng7pyq6vy4-subversion-1.1.3
|
|
/nix/store/l51240xqsgg8a7yrbqdx1rfzyv6l26fx-lynx-2.8.5</screen>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Show all paths that directly or indirectly depend on the Glibc
|
|
(C library) used by <command>svn</command>:
|
|
|
|
<screen>
|
|
$ nix-store -q --referrers-closure $(ldd $(which svn) | grep /libc.so | awk '{print $3}')
|
|
/nix/store/034a6h4vpz9kds5r6kzb9lhh81mscw43-libgnomeprintui-2.8.2
|
|
/nix/store/15l3yi0d45prm7a82pcrknxdh6nzmxza-gawk-3.1.4
|
|
<replaceable>...</replaceable></screen>
|
|
|
|
Note that <command>ldd</command> is a command that prints out the
|
|
dynamic libraries used by an ELF executable.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Make a picture of the runtime dependency graph of the current
|
|
user environment:
|
|
|
|
<screen>
|
|
$ nix-store -q --graph ~/.nix-profile | dot -Tps > graph.ps
|
|
$ gv graph.ps</screen>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--######################################################################-->
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
<refsection xml:id="rsec-nix-store-reg-val"><title>Operation <option>-XXX-register-validity</option></title>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Synopsis</title>
|
|
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
|
<command>nix-store</command>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'><option>-XXX-register-validity</option></arg>
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>TODO</para>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--######################################################################-->
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
<refsection><title>Operation <option>-XXX-substitute</option></title>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Synopsis</title>
|
|
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
|
<command>nix-store</command>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'><option>-XXX-substitute</option></arg>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'
|
|
rep='repeat'><replaceable>srcpath</replaceable> <replaceable>subpath</replaceable></arg>
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The operation <option>-XXX-substitute</option> registers that the
|
|
store path <replaceable>srcpath</replaceable> can be built by
|
|
realising the derivation expression in
|
|
<replaceable>subpath</replaceable>. This is used to implement binary
|
|
deployment.</para>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--######################################################################-->
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Operation <option>--verify</option></title>
|
|
|
|
<refsection>
|
|
<title>Synopsis</title>
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
|
<command>nix-store</command>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'><option>--verify</option></arg>
|
|
<arg><option>--check-contents</option></arg>
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
<refsection><title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The operation <option>--verify</option> verifies the internal
|
|
consistency of the Nix database, and the consistency between the Nix
|
|
database and the Nix store. Any inconsistencies encountered are
|
|
automatically repaired. Inconsistencies are generally the result of
|
|
the Nix store or database being modified by non-Nix tools, or of bugs
|
|
in Nix itself.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>There is one option:
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry><term><option>--check-contents</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Checks that the contents of every valid store path
|
|
has not been altered by computing a SHA-256 hash of the contents
|
|
and comparing it with the hash stored in the Nix database at build
|
|
time. Paths that have been modified are printed out. For large
|
|
stores, <option>--check-contents</option> is obviously quite
|
|
slow.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
</refsection>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|