snix/nix/buildkite/default.nix

# Logic for generating Buildkite pipelines from Nix build targets read
# by //nix/readTree.
#
# It outputs a "YAML" (actually JSON) file which is evaluated and
# submitted to Buildkite at the start of each build.
#
# The structure of the file that is being created is documented here:
#   https://buildkite.com/docs/pipelines/defining-steps
{ pkgs, ... }:

let
  inherit (builtins)
    attrValues
    concatMap
    concatStringsSep
    filter
    foldl'
    getEnv
    hasAttr
    hashString
    isNull
    isString
    length
    listToAttrs
    mapAttrs
    partition
    pathExists
    toJSON
    unsafeDiscardStringContext;

  inherit (pkgs) lib runCommandNoCC writeText;
in rec {
  # Creates a Nix expression that yields the target at the specified
  # location in the repository.
  #
  # This makes a distinction between normal targets (which physically
  # exist in the repository) and subtargets (which are "virtual"
  # targets exposed by a physical one) to make it clear in the build
  # output which is which.
  mkBuildExpr = target:
    let
      descend = expr: attr: "builtins.getAttr \"${attr}\" (${expr})";
      targetExpr = foldl' descend "import ./. {}" target.__readTree;
      subtargetExpr = descend targetExpr target.__subtarget;
    in if target ? __subtarget then subtargetExpr else targetExpr;

  # Create a pipeline label from the target's tree location.
  mkLabel = target:
    let label = concatStringsSep "/" target.__readTree;
    in if target ? __subtarget
      then "${label}:${target.__subtarget}"
      else label;

  # Determine whether to skip a target if it has not diverged from the
  # HEAD branch.
  shouldSkip = parentTargetMap: label: drvPath:
    if (hasAttr label parentTargetMap) && parentTargetMap."${label}".drvPath == drvPath
    then "Target has not changed."
    else false;

  # Create build command for a derivation target.
  mkBuildCommand = target: drvPath: concatStringsSep " " [
    # First try to realise the drvPath of the target so we don't evaluate twice.
    # Nix has no concept of depending on a derivation file without depending on
    # at least one of its `outPath`s, so we need to discard the string context
    # if we don't want to build everything during pipeline construction.
    "nix-store --realise '${drvPath}' --add-root result --indirect"

    # Since we don't gcroot the derivation files, they may be deleted by the
    # garbage collector. In that case we can reevaluate and build the attribute
    # using nix-build.
    "|| (test ! -f '${drvPath}' && nix-build -E '${mkBuildExpr target}' --show-trace)"
  ];

  # Create a pipeline step from a single target.
  mkStep = headBranch: parentTargetMap: target:
  let
    label = mkLabel target;
    drvPath = unsafeDiscardStringContext target.drvPath;
    shouldSkip' = shouldSkip parentTargetMap;
  in {
    label = ":nix: " + label;
    key = hashString "sha1" label;
    skip = shouldSkip' label drvPath;
    command = mkBuildCommand target drvPath;
    env.READTREE_TARGET = label;

    # Add a dependency on the initial static pipeline step which
    # always runs. This allows build steps uploaded in batches to
    # start running before all batches have been uploaded.
    depends_on = ":init:";
  };

  # Helper function to inelegantly divide a list into chunks of at
  # most n elements.
  #
  # This works by assigning each element a chunk ID based on its
  # index, and then grouping all elements by their chunk ID.
  chunksOf = n: list: let
    chunkId = idx: toString (idx / n + 1);
    assigned = lib.imap1 (idx: value: { inherit value ; chunk = chunkId idx; }) list;
    unchunk = mapAttrs (_: elements: map (e: e.value) elements);
  in unchunk (lib.groupBy (e: e.chunk) assigned);

  # Define a build pipeline chunk as a JSON file, using the pipeline
  # format documented on
  # https://buildkite.com/docs/pipelines/defining-steps.
  makePipelineChunk = name: chunkId: chunk: rec {
    filename = "${name}-chunk-${chunkId}.json";
    path = writeText filename (toJSON {
      steps = chunk;
    });
  };

  # Split the pipeline into chunks of at most 256 steps at once, which
  # are uploaded sequentially. This is because of a limitation in the
  # Buildkite backend which struggles to process more than a specific
  # number of chunks at once.
  pipelineChunks = name: steps:
    attrValues (mapAttrs (makePipelineChunk name) (chunksOf 256 steps));

  # Create a pipeline structure for the given targets.
  mkPipeline = {
    # HEAD branch of the repository on which release steps, GC
    # anchoring and other "mainline only" steps should run.
    headBranch,

    # List of derivations as read by readTree (in most cases just the
    # output of readTree.gather) that should be built in Buildkite.
    #
    # These are scheduled as the first build steps and run as fast as
    # possible, in order, without any concurrency restrictions.
    drvTargets,

    # Derivation map of a parent commit. Only targets which no longer
    # correspond to the content of this map will be built. Passing an
    # empty map will always build all targets.
    parentTargetMap ? {},

    # A list of plain Buildkite step structures to run alongside the
    # build for all drvTargets, but before proceeding with any
    # post-build actions such as status reporting.
    #
    # Can be used for things like code formatting checks.
    additionalSteps ? [],

    # A list of plain Buildkite step structures to run after all
    # previous steps succeeded.
    #
    # Can be used for status reporting steps and the like.
    postBuildSteps ? []
  }: let
    # Convert a target into all of its build and post-build steps,
    # treated separately as they need to be in different chunks.
    targetToSteps = target: let
      step = mkStep headBranch parentTargetMap target;

      # Split build/post-build steps
      splitExtraSteps = partition ({ postStep, ... }: postStep)
       (attrValues (mapAttrs (name: value: {
         inherit name value;
         postStep = value ? prompt;
        }) (target.meta.ci.extraSteps or {})));

      mkExtraStep' = { name, value, ... }: mkExtraStep step name value;
      extraBuildSteps = map mkExtraStep' splitExtraSteps.wrong; # 'wrong' -> no prompt
      extraPostSteps = map mkExtraStep' splitExtraSteps.right; # 'right' -> has prompt
    in {
      buildSteps = [ step ] ++ extraBuildSteps;
      postSteps = extraPostSteps;
    };

    # Combine all target steps into separate build and post-build step lists.
    steps = foldl' (acc: t: {
      buildSteps = acc.buildSteps ++ t.buildSteps;
      postSteps = acc.postSteps ++ t.postSteps;
    }) { buildSteps = []; postSteps = []; } (map targetToSteps drvTargets);

    buildSteps =
      # Add build steps for each derivation target and their extra
      # steps.
      steps.buildSteps

      # Add additional steps (if set).
      ++ additionalSteps;

    postSteps =
      # Add post-build steps for each derivation target.
      steps.postSteps

      # Add any globally defined post-build steps.
      ++ postBuildSteps;

    buildChunks = pipelineChunks "build" buildSteps;
    postBuildChunks = pipelineChunks "post" postSteps;
    chunks = buildChunks ++ postBuildChunks;
  in runCommandNoCC "buildkite-pipeline" {} ''
    mkdir $out
    echo "Generated ${toString (length chunks)} pipeline chunks"
    ${
      lib.concatMapStringsSep "\n"
        (chunk: "cp ${chunk.path} $out/${chunk.filename}") chunks
    }
  '';

  # Create a drvmap structure for the given targets, containing the
  # mapping of all target paths to their derivations. The mapping can
  # be persisted for future use.
  mkDrvmap = drvTargets: writeText "drvmap.json" (toJSON (listToAttrs (map (target: {
    name = mkLabel target;
    value = {
      drvPath = unsafeDiscardStringContext target.drvPath;

      # Include the attrPath in the output to reconstruct the drv
      # without parsing the human-readable label.
      attrPath = target.__readTree ++ lib.optionals (target ? __subtarget) [
        target.__subtarget
      ];
    };
  }) drvTargets)));

  # Implementation of extra step logic.
  #
  # Each target extra step is an attribute specified in
  # `meta.ci.extraSteps`. Its attribute name will be used as the step
  # name on Buildkite.
  #
  #   command (required): A command that will be run in the depot
  #     checkout when this step is executed. Should be a derivation
  #     resulting in a single executable file, e.g. through
  #     pkgs.writeShellScript.
  #
  #   label (optional): Human-readable label for this step to display
  #     in the Buildkite UI instead of the attribute name.
  #
  #   prompt (optional): Setting this blocks the step until confirmed
  #     by a human. Should be a string which is displayed for
  #     confirmation. These steps always run after the main build is
  #     done and have no influence on CI status.
  #
  #   needsOutput (optional): If set to true, the parent derivation
  #     will be built in the working directory before running the
  #     command. Output will be available as 'result'.
  #     TODO: Figure out multiple-output derivations.
  #
  #   condition (optional): Any other Buildkite condition, such as
  #     specific branch requirements, for this step.
  #     See https://buildkite.com/docs/pipelines/conditionals
  #
  #   alwaysRun (optional): If set to true, this step will always run,
  #     even if its parent has not been rebuilt.
  #
  # Note that gated steps are independent of each other.

  # Create a gated step in a step group, independent from any other
  # steps.
  mkGatedStep = { step, label, parent, prompt, condition }: {
    group = label;
    depends_on = step.depends_on;
    skip = parent.skip or false;
    "if" = condition;

    steps = [
      {
        inherit prompt;
        block = ":radio_button: Run ${label}? (from ${parent.env.READTREE_TARGET})";
        "if" = condition;
      }

      # The explicit depends_on of the wrapped step must be removed,
      # otherwise its dependency relationship with the gate step will
      # break.
      (builtins.removeAttrs step [ "depends_on" ])
    ];
  };

  # Create the Buildkite configuration for an extra step, optionally
  # wrapping it in a gate group.
  mkExtraStep = parent: key: {
    command,
    label ? key,
    prompt ? false,
    needsOutput ? false,
    condition ? null,
    alwaysRun ? false
  }@cfg: let
    parentLabel = parent.env.READTREE_TARGET;
    step = {
      label = ":gear: ${label} (from ${parentLabel})";
      skip = if alwaysRun then false else parent.skip or false;
      "if" = condition;

      depends_on = lib.optional (!alwaysRun && !needsOutput) parent.key;

      command = pkgs.writeShellScript "${key}-script" ''
        set -ueo pipefail
        ${lib.optionalString needsOutput "echo '~~~ Preparing build output of ${parentLabel}'"}
        ${lib.optionalString needsOutput parent.command}
        echo '+++ Running extra step command'
        exec ${command}
      '';
    };
  in if (isString prompt)
    then mkGatedStep {
      inherit step label parent prompt condition;
    }
    else step;
}