108 lines
3.5 KiB
Text
108 lines
3.5 KiB
Text
GIT URLS[[URLS]]
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----------------
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In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the
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address of the remote server, and the path to the repository.
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Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
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absent.
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Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp,
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and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
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deprecated; do not use it).
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The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and
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should be used with caution on unsecured networks.
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The following syntaxes may be used with them:
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- ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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- http{startsb}s{endsb}://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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- ftp{startsb}s{endsb}://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:
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- {startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz:path/to/repo.git/
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This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
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first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
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colon. For example the local path `foo:bar` could be specified as an
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absolute path or `./foo:bar` to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
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url.
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The ssh and git protocols additionally support ~username expansion:
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- ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~{startsb}user{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~{startsb}user{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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- {startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz:/~{startsb}user{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
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For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
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syntaxes may be used:
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- /path/to/repo.git/
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- \file:///path/to/repo.git/
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ifndef::git-clone[]
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These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except when cloning, when
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the former implies --local option. See linkgit:git-clone[1] for
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details.
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endif::git-clone[]
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ifdef::git-clone[]
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These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except the former implies
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--local option.
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endif::git-clone[]
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'git clone', 'git fetch' and 'git pull', but not 'git push', will also
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accept a suitable bundle file. See linkgit:git-bundle[1].
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When Git doesn't know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
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attempts to use the 'remote-<transport>' remote helper, if one
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exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
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may be used:
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- <transport>::<address>
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where <address> may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary
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URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being
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invoked. See linkgit:gitremote-helpers[7] for details.
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If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
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you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
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use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
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configuration section of the form:
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------------
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[url "<actual url base>"]
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insteadOf = <other url base>
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------------
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For example, with this:
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------------
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[url "git://git.host.xz/"]
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insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
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insteadOf = work:
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------------
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a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
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rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".
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If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
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configuration section of the form:
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------------
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[url "<actual url base>"]
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pushInsteadOf = <other url base>
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------------
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For example, with this:
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------------
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[url "ssh://example.org/"]
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pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/
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------------
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a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
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"ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
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use the original URL.
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