340 lines
12 KiB
Text
340 lines
12 KiB
Text
git-daemon(1)
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=============
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NAME
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----
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git-daemon - A really simple server for Git repositories
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git daemon' [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]
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[--timeout=<n>] [--init-timeout=<n>] [--max-connections=<n>]
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[--strict-paths] [--base-path=<path>] [--base-path-relaxed]
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[--user-path | --user-path=<path>]
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[--interpolated-path=<pathtemplate>]
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[--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=<file>]
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[--enable=<service>] [--disable=<service>]
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[--allow-override=<service>] [--forbid-override=<service>]
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[--access-hook=<path>] [--[no-]informative-errors]
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[--inetd |
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[--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]
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[--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]]
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[--log-destination=(stderr|syslog|none)]
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[<directory>...]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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A really simple TCP Git daemon that normally listens on port "DEFAULT_GIT_PORT"
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aka 9418. It waits for a connection asking for a service, and will serve
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that service if it is enabled.
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It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
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it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
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for export this way (unless the `--export-all` parameter is specified). If you
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pass some directory paths as 'git daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
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the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
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By default, only `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
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'git fetch-pack' and 'git ls-remote' clients, which are invoked
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from 'git fetch', 'git pull', and 'git clone'.
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This is ideally suited for read-only updates, i.e., pulling from
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Git repositories.
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An `upload-archive` also exists to serve 'git archive'.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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--strict-paths::
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Match paths exactly (i.e. don't allow "/foo/repo" when the real path is
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"/foo/repo.git" or "/foo/repo/.git") and don't do user-relative paths.
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'git daemon' will refuse to start when this option is enabled and no
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whitelist is specified.
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--base-path=<path>::
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Remap all the path requests as relative to the given path.
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This is sort of "Git root" - if you run 'git daemon' with
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'--base-path=/srv/git' on example.com, then if you later try to pull
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'git://example.com/hello.git', 'git daemon' will interpret the path
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as `/srv/git/hello.git`.
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--base-path-relaxed::
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If --base-path is enabled and repo lookup fails, with this option
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'git daemon' will attempt to lookup without prefixing the base path.
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This is useful for switching to --base-path usage, while still
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allowing the old paths.
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--interpolated-path=<pathtemplate>::
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To support virtual hosting, an interpolated path template can be
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used to dynamically construct alternate paths. The template
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supports %H for the target hostname as supplied by the client but
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converted to all lowercase, %CH for the canonical hostname,
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%IP for the server's IP address, %P for the port number,
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and %D for the absolute path of the named repository.
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After interpolation, the path is validated against the directory
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whitelist.
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--export-all::
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Allow pulling from all directories that look like Git repositories
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(have the 'objects' and 'refs' subdirectories), even if they
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do not have the 'git-daemon-export-ok' file.
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--inetd::
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Have the server run as an inetd service. Implies --syslog (may be
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overridden with `--log-destination=`).
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Incompatible with --detach, --port, --listen, --user and --group
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options.
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--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>::
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Listen on a specific IP address or hostname. IP addresses can
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be either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address if supported. If IPv6
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is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
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--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
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Can be given more than once.
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Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
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--port=<n>::
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Listen on an alternative port. Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
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--init-timeout=<n>::
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Timeout (in seconds) between the moment the connection is established
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and the client request is received (typically a rather low value, since
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that should be basically immediate).
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--timeout=<n>::
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Timeout (in seconds) for specific client sub-requests. This includes
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the time it takes for the server to process the sub-request and the
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time spent waiting for the next client's request.
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--max-connections=<n>::
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Maximum number of concurrent clients, defaults to 32. Set it to
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zero for no limit.
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--syslog::
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Short for `--log-destination=syslog`.
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--log-destination=<destination>::
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Send log messages to the specified destination.
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Note that this option does not imply --verbose,
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thus by default only error conditions will be logged.
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The <destination> must be one of:
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+
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--
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stderr::
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Write to standard error.
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Note that if `--detach` is specified,
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the process disconnects from the real standard error,
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making this destination effectively equivalent to `none`.
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syslog::
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Write to syslog, using the `git-daemon` identifier.
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none::
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Disable all logging.
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--
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+
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The default destination is `syslog` if `--inetd` or `--detach` is specified,
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otherwise `stderr`.
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--user-path::
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--user-path=<path>::
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Allow {tilde}user notation to be used in requests. When
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specified with no parameter, requests to
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git://host/{tilde}alice/foo is taken as a request to access
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'foo' repository in the home directory of user `alice`.
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If `--user-path=path` is specified, the same request is
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taken as a request to access `path/foo` repository in
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the home directory of user `alice`.
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--verbose::
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Log details about the incoming connections and requested files.
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--reuseaddr::
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Use SO_REUSEADDR when binding the listening socket.
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This allows the server to restart without waiting for
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old connections to time out.
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--detach::
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Detach from the shell. Implies --syslog.
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--pid-file=<file>::
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Save the process id in 'file'. Ignored when the daemon
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is run under `--inetd`.
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--user=<user>::
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--group=<group>::
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Change daemon's uid and gid before entering the service loop.
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When only `--user` is given without `--group`, the
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primary group ID for the user is used. The values of
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the option are given to `getpwnam(3)` and `getgrnam(3)`
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and numeric IDs are not supported.
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Giving these options is an error when used with `--inetd`; use
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the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
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'git daemon' if needed.
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Like many programs that switch user id, the daemon does not reset
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environment variables such as `$HOME` when it runs git programs,
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e.g. `upload-pack` and `receive-pack`. When using this option, you
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may also want to set and export `HOME` to point at the home
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directory of `<user>` before starting the daemon, and make sure any
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Git configuration files in that directory are readable by `<user>`.
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--enable=<service>::
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--disable=<service>::
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Enable/disable the service site-wide per default. Note
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that a service disabled site-wide can still be enabled
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per repository if it is marked overridable and the
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repository enables the service with a configuration
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item.
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--allow-override=<service>::
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--forbid-override=<service>::
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Allow/forbid overriding the site-wide default with per
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repository configuration. By default, all the services
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may be overridden.
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--[no-]informative-errors::
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When informative errors are turned on, git-daemon will report
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more verbose errors to the client, differentiating conditions
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like "no such repository" from "repository not exported". This
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is more convenient for clients, but may leak information about
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the existence of unexported repositories. When informative
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errors are not enabled, all errors report "access denied" to the
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client. The default is --no-informative-errors.
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--access-hook=<path>::
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Every time a client connects, first run an external command
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specified by the <path> with service name (e.g. "upload-pack"),
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path to the repository, hostname (%H), canonical hostname
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(%CH), IP address (%IP), and TCP port (%P) as its command-line
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arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
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service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
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exiting with a zero status). It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
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and `$REMOTE_PORT` environment variables to learn about the
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requestor when making this decision.
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The external command can optionally write a single line to its
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standard output to be sent to the requestor as an error message when
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it declines the service.
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<directory>::
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A directory to add to the whitelist of allowed directories. Unless
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--strict-paths is specified this will also include subdirectories
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of each named directory.
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SERVICES
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--------
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These services can be globally enabled/disabled using the
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command-line options of this command. If finer-grained
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control is desired (e.g. to allow 'git archive' to be run
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against only in a few selected repositories the daemon serves),
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the per-repository configuration file can be used to enable or
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disable them.
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upload-pack::
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This serves 'git fetch-pack' and 'git ls-remote'
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clients. It is enabled by default, but a repository can
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disable it by setting `daemon.uploadpack` configuration
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item to `false`.
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upload-archive::
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This serves 'git archive --remote'. It is disabled by
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default, but a repository can enable it by setting
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`daemon.uploadarch` configuration item to `true`.
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receive-pack::
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This serves 'git send-pack' clients, allowing anonymous
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push. It is disabled by default, as there is _no_
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authentication in the protocol (in other words, anybody
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can push anything into the repository, including removal
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of refs). This is solely meant for a closed LAN setting
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where everybody is friendly. This service can be
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enabled by setting `daemon.receivepack` configuration item to
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`true`.
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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We assume the following in /etc/services::
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------------
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$ grep 9418 /etc/services
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git 9418/tcp # Git Version Control System
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------------
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'git daemon' as inetd server::
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To set up 'git daemon' as an inetd service that handles any
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repository under the whitelisted set of directories, /pub/foo
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and /pub/bar, place an entry like the following into
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/etc/inetd all on one line:
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------------------------------------------------
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git stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git
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git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
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/pub/foo /pub/bar
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------------------------------------------------
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'git daemon' as inetd server for virtual hosts::
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To set up 'git daemon' as an inetd service that handles
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repositories for different virtual hosts, `www.example.com`
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and `www.example.org`, place an entry like the following into
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`/etc/inetd` all on one line:
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------------------------------------------------
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git stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git
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git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
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--interpolated-path=/pub/%H%D
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/pub/www.example.org/software
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/pub/www.example.com/software
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/software
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------------------------------------------------
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In this example, the root-level directory `/pub` will contain
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a subdirectory for each virtual host name supported.
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Further, both hosts advertise repositories simply as
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`git://www.example.com/software/repo.git`. For pre-1.4.0
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clients, a symlink from `/software` into the appropriate
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default repository could be made as well.
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'git daemon' as regular daemon for virtual hosts::
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To set up 'git daemon' as a regular, non-inetd service that
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handles repositories for multiple virtual hosts based on
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their IP addresses, start the daemon like this:
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------------------------------------------------
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git daemon --verbose --export-all
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--interpolated-path=/pub/%IP/%D
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/pub/192.168.1.200/software
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/pub/10.10.220.23/software
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------------------------------------------------
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In this example, the root-level directory `/pub` will contain
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a subdirectory for each virtual host IP address supported.
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Repositories can still be accessed by hostname though, assuming
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they correspond to these IP addresses.
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selectively enable/disable services per repository::
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To enable 'git archive --remote' and disable 'git fetch' against
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a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
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repository (that is the file 'config' next to `HEAD`, 'refs' and
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'objects').
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----------------------------------------------------------------
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[daemon]
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uploadpack = false
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uploadarch = true
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----------------------------------------------------------------
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ENVIRONMENT
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-----------
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'git daemon' will set REMOTE_ADDR to the IP address of the client
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that connected to it, if the IP address is available. REMOTE_ADDR will
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be available in the environment of hooks called when
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services are performed.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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